Skin cancer
What is skin cancer?
Skin cancer is a disease in which skin cells grow abnormally and uncontrollably. It primarily occurs in areas of the body exposed to the sun, such as the face, arms, and hands, though it can also appear on other parts. There are three main types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Melanoma is the most dangerous because it can spread to other parts of the body.
Main causes
The main cause of skin cancer is excessive sun exposure, especially without protection. Ultraviolet (UV) light, which comes from the sun and artificial sources like tanning beds, can damage the skin. Over time, this can lead to the development of cancer. Other causes include genetic factors (if someone in the family has had skin cancer), having very fair skin, and a history of sunburns.
Types of Cancer
Get to know the main types of skin cancer and their characteristics for prevention
Squamous cell carcinoma:
A little more aggressive than basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma also arises in the most sun-exposed areas. If left untreated, it can spread to other parts of the body.
Melanoma:
The most severe type of skin cancer. It can appear as a new dark spot on the skin or from an existing mole. Melanoma can spread rapidly to other areas of the body, making it important to treat it as soon as possible.
Basal cell carcinoma:
This is the most common and least dangerous type. It grows slowly and usually appears in areas of the body that are more exposed to the sun, such as the face. If treated early, it rarely spreads to other parts.
How to prevent skin cancer
Preventing skin cancer is easy if you take some precautions
Use sunscreen every day, even on cloudy days, with a sun protection factor (SPF) of at least 30. Reapply it every two hours if you are exposed to the sun for long periods of time.
Avoid strong sunlight, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when solar rays are most intense.
Wear protective clothing, such as hats, sunglasses, and long-sleeved shirts when outdoors.
Do not use tanning beds; they emit UV rays that can damage the skin.
Regularly check your skin: examine your body for any signs or spots that change in shape, color, or size.
Warning Signs
Pay attention to these signs that may indicate skin cancer
Asymmetry
One half of the mole or spot is not equal to the other half
Irregular edges, with cuts or poorly defined contours, can be a sign of skin cancer
Changes in color or multiple colors in a single mole can be a warning sign.
Edges
Color
Diameter
The spots with a diameter greater than 6 mm should be closely monitored
Evolution
Changes over time, such as growth, bleeding, itching, or changes in color, shape, or size